The presence of the Y549H substitution is notable as it is found at the signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAM) receptor-binding site and has been implicated in the emergence of highly pathogenic CDV and host switching. The hemagglutinin protein of the isolated virus and virus sequenced from lung samples originating from deceased giant pandas all possessed the substitutions V26M, T213A, K281R, S300N, P340Q, and Y549H. Genomic sequencing of CDV isolated from one of the infected pandas (giant panda/SX/2014) suggests it belongs to the Asia-1 cluster. The surviving giant panda was previously vaccinated against CDV. Five of six CDV infected giant pandas died. We recommend red pandas be administered a series of at least three recombinant vaccine (PDF or rDCV) vaccinations, followed by annual booster vaccinations.Īilurus fulgens fulgens Ailurus fulgens refulgens canarypox-vectored canine distemper red panda serology vaccination.Ĭopyright 2019 by American Association of Zoo Veterinarians.We report an outbreak of canine distemper virus (CDV) infection among endangered giant pandas ( Ailuropoda melanoleuca). Red pandas vaccinated with PFD >12 mo since their last vaccination and a rCDV booster vaccination showed the highest titers observed. In contrast, naïve pandas receiving a series of two or three rCDV vaccinations ( n = 14) had greater antibody responses. Naïve pandas receiving two PFD vaccinations had either negative or intermediate titers ( n = 4). All naïve red pandas ( n = 20) had negative titers. One hundred twenty-two serum samples were collected from 50 captive red pandas and analyzed for antibodies to canine distemper. Canarypox-vectored recombinant canine distemper vaccines (PureVax Ferret Distemper and Recombitek CDV ) provide protection without inoculating a live distemper virus, but there are currently no published data regarding these vaccines' safety and efficacy in red pandas.
Red pandas ( Ailurus fulgens) are susceptible to canine distemper, with a number of reported vaccine-induced canine distemper cases.
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